Forex Daily Market Analysis from ForexMart

Loretta Mester: Fed sees no progress on inflation

As I mentioned in yesterday's article, the Fed's key rate decisions are in the spotlight. If earlier some traders expected a shift to a softer stance, now everyone is betting on further tightening. The regulator is likely to raise the interest rate at least 3 more times at its meetings. Some analysts reckon the Fed may continue to hike rates in 2023. At the start of this year, the Fed planned to raise the benchmark rate to 3.5%. Now, many Fed officials expressed the need to hike the key rate to 4.5%. If inflation does not begin to decline at the pace set by the central bank, the watchdog may switch to aggressive tightening.

The Fed's top priority is to tame inflation to 2%. However, the central bank admits that it may take years. Notably, inflation is not only an economic issue but also a political one. If Joe Biden's administration fails to slow down soaring consumer prices, the Democrats may lose their majority in the Senate and Congress. This is why Joe Biden and the Democratic Party need to push inflation down as soon as possible. The Fed is an independent organization. Yet, it should also achieve some positive shifts in the fight against inflation as confidence in the central bank has declined sharply during the pandemic and in the years after the pandemic.

The inflation report is due tomorrow. Analysts do not expect a noticeable slowdown. The reading is likely to decline by 0.1-0.2% on an annual basis. Yesterday, Cleveland Fed President Loretta Mester said that the Fed is still unable to cap galloping inflation. "Unacceptably high and persistent inflation remains the key challenge facing the US economy. Despite some moderation on the demand side of the economy and nascent signs of improvement in supply-side conditions, there has been no progress on inflation," Mester said. When inflation comes down, the Fed will hold interest rates at high levels for some time to assess the cumulative impact of what the Fed has done. "Monetary policy is moving into restrictive territory and will need to be there for some time in order to put inflation on a sustained downward path to our 2% goal," she said, adding "I do not anticipate any cuts in the fed funds target range next year."

In my opinion, the Fed is ready to raise the interest rate even above 4.5%. If this scenario comes true, demand for the US currency may climb even more. The US dollar is steadily growing amid monetary tightening. So, it may rise even higher amid sharper rate hikes. If traders have already priced in the likelihood of the rate increase to 4.5%, they may factor in a bigger rate increase. If investors have ignored two ECB rate hikes and seven Fed rate hikes, then they may continue to do so in the coming months. I believe that the US currency is likely to reach new highs. In this case, the current wave markup of the euro/dollar pair is correct. However, the wave markup of the pound/dollar pair needs adjustments with the construction of a downward trend section.

I believe that there is a construction of a downward trend section now but it may end at any moment. The instrument could complete another upward correction wave. So, I advise selling with the target level located near 0.9397, the Fibonacci level of 423.6%. The MACD indicator is pointed downward. It is better to be cautious as it is unclear how long the euro may decline.

 

Analysis and trading tips for GBP/USD on October 14

Analysis of transactions in the GBP / USD pair

The price test of 1.1100 happened when the MACD line was far above zero, so the upside potential was limited. No other signals appeared for the rest of the day.

GBP/USD rose on Thursday because the September data on US CPI indicated a slowdown in inflation. As for today, the quarterly bulletin of the Bank of England is due to be released, but it is unlikely to harm the pound. The only thing that could affect it is the decision of the central bank regarding bond purchases. If the Bank of England does not extend its program of buying bonds, pound will sharply lose ground against dollar. Then, in the afternoon, data on US retail sales will be released, and this could force the Fed to raise rates further, provided that the figure indicates the persistence of high inflation. Consumer sentiment and inflation expectations from the University of Michigan will likely be ignored, as will speeches from FOMC members Lisa Cook and Christopher Waller.

For long positions:

Buy pound when the quote reaches 1.1329 (green line on the chart) and take profit at the price of 1.1407 (thicker green line on the chart). Growth will occur as long as the Bank of England continues its program of buying bonds. But remember that when buying, the MACD line should be above zero or is starting to rise from it.

Pound can also be bought at 1.1283, however, the MACD line should be in the oversold area as only by that will the market reverse to 1.1329 and 1.1407.

For short positions:

Sell pound when the quote reaches 1.1283 (red line on the chart) and take profit at the price of 1.1195. Pressure will return if upcoming US reports exceed expectations. But take note that when selling, the MACD line should be below zero or is starting to move down from it.

Pound can also be sold at 1.1329, however, the MACD line should be in the overbought area, as only by that will the market reverse to 1.1283 and 1.1195.

 

The British Finance Minister has been dismissed, and the Defense Minister is next in line.

Exchange Rates analysis
The political crisis in the UK is gaining momentum, which cannot but put pressure on the British pound. After the instrument has moved away from its low by more than 1000 basis points, the British pound is in danger again. But this time, political problems have also been added to the economic problems. On Friday, it became known that British Finance Minister Kwasi Kwarteng was dismissed. He spent only 38 days in his position. The reason for the resignation was the shock in the UK's financial markets caused by tax amendments to the legislation. These amendments have not even been adopted yet, and it is unknown whether they will be adopted. They concerned several tax rates, which, according to the British government, should be lowered to reduce the pressure from rising energy prices on households and businesses. However, the tax reduction plan was criticized by economists, and it immediately became known that its implementation would lead to a huge budget deficit.

Even the conservatives themselves spoke out against this plan, so the Liz Truss government had to urgently make a statement that the plan was still "raw" and needed improvements. It has already become known that the maximum tax rate of 45% will not be canceled, and the proposed changes may also be canceled for other taxes. Since someone had to "take over" responsibility for the shock in the financial and currency markets, most likely, this role was performed by Kwasi Kwarteng, who personally developed this plan. The media noted the importance of this event because Kwarteng was not just the Minister of Finance but also a close friend and colleague of Truss. Former Foreign Minister Jeremy Hunt may become the new finance minister.

However, this is not all the upheaval in Parliament. Yesterday, it became known that Defense Secretary Ben Wallace may resign if Liz Truss reneges on her promise to increase defense spending. Earlier, during the election campaign, Truss promised to increase defense spending to 2.5% of GDP by 2026 and 3% of GDP by 2030. It is reported that this promise prompted Wallace to support the candidacy of Truss and not Rishi Sunak, who refrained from such statements. Jeremy Hunt, who may now take up his new position, has already stated that spending on many items will have to be cut amid the developing recession and the energy crisis in Europe. At this time, there was talk about the possible departure of Wallace, who believed that the defense budget needed to be increased.

It is also reported that NATO recommended that all member countries of the union increase their defense budgets to 2.5% of GDP, and the UK was supposed to be one of the first to do so. The Bank of England somehow restored stability in the financial markets through an emergency program of buying bonds for 65 billion pounds. Still, political problems remain very serious, and the recession and the energy crisis may continue to pressure the pound and the UK economy.

The wave pattern of the pound/dollar instrument implies the construction of a new upward trend segment. Thus, now I advise buying a tool for MACD reversals "up" with targets located above the peak of wave 1. Buy and sell should be careful since it is unclear which wave markings (euro or pound) will require adjustments, and the news background may negatively affect both the euro and the pound. Corrective wave 2 may already be completed.

 

Tips for beginner traders in EUR/USD and GBP/USD on October 18, 2022

Details of the economic calendar of October 17
Monday was usually accompanied by an empty macroeconomic calendar. Important statistics in Europe, the United Kindom, and the United States were not published.

In this regard, investors and traders monitored the incoming information and news flow.

The main financial topics discussed in the media:

The new British Chancellor of the Exchequer, Jeremy Hunt, said that Liz Truss's previously announced plans to cut taxes and increase subsidies will not be implemented. It is expected that this will allow the authorities to save about £32 billion.

This news flow is pushing the pound up, and due to the positive correlation, the euro is also growing.

Analysis of trading charts from October 17
The EURUSD currency pair has updated the high of the past week during the upward movement. As a result, a technical signal arose about a change in trading interests, which led to an increase in the volume of long positions in the euro.

The GBPUSD currency pair resumed its upward cycle, as a result of which the quote once again touched the resistance area of 1.1410/1.1525. The third consecutive convergence of the price with the area of resistance indicates a high desire of traders to keep the upward cycle in the market.

Economic calendar for October 18
Today, data on industrial production in the United States will be published, where the growth rate may slow down from 3.7% to 3.4%. These statistics may put pressure on dollar positions.

Time targeting:

US industrial production –13:15 UTC

Trading plan for GBP/USD on October 18
Stable price retention above the value of 0.9850 in the future may open the way towards the parity level. Otherwise, stagnation within the current value may lead to a price rebound in the direction of the variable level of 0.9700.

Trading plan for GBP/USD on October 18
From a technical point of view, the resistance area is still putting pressure on buyers, but this could change if the price holds above 1.1525 in a four-hour period. In this scenario, the volume of long positions may increase in the market, which will lead to a subsequent increase in the value of the pound sterling.

Until then, the scenario of a price rebound from the resistance area cannot be ruled out.

 

Gold: When will the downward trend reverse?

Gold has lost almost a fifth of its value from its March highs, and to regain that lost luster it must do the impossible—beat the Forex king. This, of course, is about the American dollar, which sweeps away everything in its path. A host of problems in economies outside the US and an aggressive Fed allowed the USD index to climb to a 20-year high. The ascent continues, which pushes the XAUUSD quotes down.

For the precious metal to bottom, the dollar must peak. In the past, this has happened when the global economy outside the US has outpaced the US or the Fed has injected colossal amounts of cheap liquidity into financial markets.

The Fed is determined. It is willing to sacrifice its own labor market and economy to break the back of high inflation. The futures market and FOMC forecasts suggest that the federal funds rate will rise to 4.6%. However, given the core CPI's stubborn reluctance to slow down, one would expect the ceiling on borrowing costs to be even higher. Barclays predicts growth to 5–5.25%. If this happens, the USD index will continue to rally, and gold will fall into the abyss.

Dynamics of gold and USD index

The armed conflict in Ukraine, snap elections in Italy, the energy crisis in Europe, turmoil in the financial markets of Britain, and currency interventions in Japan. The list of shocks has not been so rich for a long time. But high inflation and geopolitical risks, as a rule, create a tailwind for gold. Indeed, in March, it jumped above $2,000 per ounce amid the war in Eastern Europe, but then, without options, it ceded the status of the main safe haven asset to the US dollar. And is still in its shadow.

What can break the downward trend in XAUUSD? Most likely, a recession in the American economy. In this scenario, the Fed will either slow down the process of tightening monetary policy or reverse it. According to Goldman Sachs, a dovish reversal or transition from raising the rate to lowering it will drive up the price of the precious metal by 18–34%. In my opinion, by the time this happens, there will be many moons in the sky.

Kotak Mahindra Bank believes that one of the factors that could slow the carnage in the gold market is increased demand for the physical asset from the largest buyers in the face of India and China. They account for about 50% of the world's precious metal imports. At the same time, the wedding season and the Lunar New Year will raise interest in gold. In my opinion, hardly. When prices fall, it moves from West to East. This is a common process that convinces the stability of the downward trend in XAUUSD.

Technically, on the daily chart, the inability of the gold bulls to latch onto the $1,670 an ounce fair value is indicative of their weakness. I recommend keeping the focus on selling the precious metal towards the pivot points at $1,620 and $1,580.

 

Tips for beginner traders in EUR/USD and GBP/USD on October 20, 2022

Details of the economic calendar of October 19
UK inflation rose again to a record 10.1% in September. The consumer price index returned to this year's July level when a 40-year record for annual inflation was set.

The British currency reacted quite calmly to these data. The quote was gradually decreasing, which fits into the technical picture of the price rebound from the resistance area.

In the European Union, inflation data slightly differed from the preliminary estimate, which indicated an increase in consumer prices to the level of 10%. As a result, inflation accelerated from 9.1% to 9.9%.

Even though the indicator above is slightly lower, inflation is still very high. Thus, the ECB has all the arguments for a further increase in interest rates.

Analysis of trading charts from October 19
The EURUSD currency pair failed to stay above the benchmark value of 0.9850. Instead, a stagnation was formed, which eventually led to a downward momentum, lowering the quote below the 0.9800 mark.

The GBPUSD currency pair came close to the price gap at the beginning of the trading week during the downward movement from the lower boundary of the resistance area 1.1410/1.1525. In this case, the gap serves as a support, which led to a reduction in the volume of short positions.

Economic calendar for October 20
Today, weekly data on US jobless claims will be published, where figures are expected to rise. This is a negative factor for the US labor market.

Statistics details:

The volume of continuing claims for benefits may rise from 1.368 million to 1.375 million.

The volume of initial claims for benefits may rise from 228,000 to 230,000.

Time targeting:

US Jobless Claims - 12:30 UTC

Trading plan for EUR/USD on October 20
The 0.9750 mark serves as a variable pivot point. To prolong the downward cycle, the quote needs to stay below this value. This move will lead to a depreciation of the euro at least to the level of 0.9700.

An alternative scenario for the development of the market will be considered by traders if the price returns above 0.9800. In this case, euro buyers will have a second chance to hold the price above the control value of 0.9850.

Trading plan for GBP/USD on October 20
For a technical signal about the prolongation of the downward cycle to appear, the quote needs to stay below 1.1150. In this case, the sellers will open the way in the direction of 1.1000.

As for the upward scenario, the current stagnation within the price gap may eventually lead to a price rebound. In this case, a reverse move to the resistance area 1.1410/1.1525 cannot be ruled out.

 

Tips for beginner traders in EUR/USD and GBP/USD on October 21, 2022

Details of the economic calendar of October 20
Weekly data on jobless claims in the United States reflected a slight increase in the overall figure.

Statistics details:

The volume of continuing claims for benefits rose from 1.364 million to 1.385 million.

The volume of initial claims for benefits fell from 226,000 to 214,000.

What are they talking about in the media?

The main news of the past day is the statement of Liz Truss that she is leaving the post of Prime Minister of Great Britain. An interesting fact is that Truss's premiership was the shortest in British history, with only 45 days.

The reason for her resignation was the discontent and dissension caused by her radical program of tax cuts and increased spending. This plan drew a sea of criticism from all economic and political circles.

How does the market react to her departure?

The pound sterling slightly appreciated in value. There were no cardinal changes in the market due to vague prospects.

Analysis of trading charts from October 20
The EURUSD currency pair once again rebounded from the control value of 0.9850. As a result, the quote returned to where the trading day on Thursday began. The value of 0.9750 serves as a support.

The GBPUSD currency pair, despite the impressive information flow, is moderately active. This suggests a characteristic uncertainty among market participants. As before, the value of 1.1150 serves as a support.

Economic calendar for October 21
At the opening of the European session, data on retail sales in the UK were published, which fell from -5.4% to -6.9%, with a forecast of -4.8%.

The reaction of the pound sterling to the negative statistics was appropriate—it continued to decline.

Trading plan for EUR/USD on October 21
In this situation, traders are guided by two main values at this stage—holding the price below 0.9750 in a downward scenario and 0.9885 in an upward market development.

It is worth noting that due to the strong information and news flow in the UK, market speculation may arise, where synchronous price jumps will occur through a positive correlation with the pound sterling.

Trading plan for GBP/USD on October 21
In this situation, keeping the price below 1.1150 will increase the chances of sellers for further decline in the direction of 1.1000. It is worth noting that the market is still in confusion. For this reason, chaotic price jumps are possible.

 

FX interventions to stop USD rally?

The US dollar and the euro opened the week amid a mixed fundamental background. The euro is still under pressure from geopolitical tensions and the energy crisis, while the greenback risks getting into a so-called intervention loop.

According to analysts at Nordea Bank, currency interventions carried out in the global market "may dampen the strengthening of USD in the short to medium term." For your reference, FX interventions are done by the countries that seek to prop up their currencies against the US dollar. However, this scenario is very unlikely as most countries do not have "an endless amount of USD at disposal to sell."

Nordea Bank is sure that such interventions will fail when the supply of US dollars in these countries runs dry. FX interventions involve selling US Treasuries which adds upward pressure on key rates and leads to a stronger US dollar. Experts warn that this intervention loop may turn out to be negative for the greenback as it could lead to "dollar overshooting." Yet, even this potential failure of USD will not support the euro as it is likely to face a new sell-off wave in the near future. This is quite logical as EUR/USD has been trading within the downtrend since late September 2022. The pair is currently staying in the range of 0.9500 –1.0000. As the geopolitical and economic situation in the EU is getting worse, the euro is set to decline to the lower boundary of this range at 0.9500.

At the moment, the euro/dollar pair looks stable although the euro is still depreciating against the dollar. Early on Monday, October 24, EUR/USD was hovering near 0.9839, trying to maintain the balance. The triangle pattern formed after the breakout of the resistance at 1.0000 may become the main catalyst that will push the pair up to the level of 1.0250.

The greenback opened this week with another advance that has become typical for the currency. At the same time, records showed that the number of long positions opened by large market players decreased by the end of the previous week after a 3-week rally. However, the number of long positions opened by hedgers remained unchanged. This indicates persistent market uncertainty and low risk sentiment among market participants.

Experts stress that financial conditions have been worsening for several weeks now. However, the limit of monetary tightening has not been reached yet. Therefore, the Fed will have to pursue its policy of aggressive rate hikes. Against this backdrop, the stock market tumbled. All measures taken by the Fed are aimed at combating inflation. Most investors expect the US regulator to raise the rate further. It is estimated that the Fed's rate will peak at 5% by May 2023. If so, financial conditions will naturally deteriorate, analysts warn.

According to some forecasts, US inflation may reach 4% to 5% in the next 4-8 months. Then, a slowdown may follow. But even so, the US central bank is unlikely to ease its policy. Instead, it could slow down the pace of rate increase. There is an opinion that inflation in the US is caused by transitory factors in contrast to other countries. The situation is believed to improve soon. If this is true then the Fed may focus on economic growth and lower the rate. So, there is a chance that by 2024, the key rate will decline to 4.5–5%.

 

GBP/USD. The dollar will soar by the end of the week. It's time for the pound to cool down

The pound has been evaluating political news in a positive light since the morning. How will the mood of traders of the British currency develop in the near future and is it worth counting on the growth of the exchange rate in the future?

Today, investors are assessing the news about the appearance of a new British prime minister. Rishi Sunak was elected head of the ruling Conservative Party of Great Britain, and will also take the post of prime minister of the country.

England has surpassed itself in political twists and turns. Sunak will be Britain's third prime minister this year. In July, Boris Johnson announced his intention to resign. Liz Truss, who was elected in his place, was able to stay in the prime minister's chair for 44 days and also resigned due to an avalanche of criticism against her.

Many see the new prime minister as a source of stability. Perhaps there really is some truth in this, when compared with the chaotic rule of the Truss, during which serious volatility was observed in the markets. Time will tell what kind of ruler Rishi Sunak will be, but for now market players are breathing a sigh of relief and are in a cautiously positive frame of mind.

Today, the GBP/USD pair rose to 1.1293 from the previous closing level of 1.1275.

As expected, the pound may continue to rise in the short term, but it risks failing during the week. Economic data is ahead, and they are likely to show an even greater divergence from the US economy for the worse.

While the market has welcomed the recent developments surrounding the election of a new prime minister, they alone can do little to improve Britain's economic prospects. The GBP/USD pair may continue to rise, but estimates regarding the extent of the rate hike are already declining.

If the 1.1500-1.1700 range becomes a reality in the very near future, this does not mean that the quote will fly further and higher. Such a scenario is more like a decent short entry point. The target range for the end of the year is still 1.0800-1.1200.

Britain released a disappointing PMI on Monday. Indices of activity in the manufacturing sector and the service sector collapsed, falling below market expectations.

The composite index in October was 47.2, which is two points lower than in September. Its value has become the lowest in the last two years. In addition, the business activity indicator has been below 50 points for three consecutive months.

The reason for the sharp decline in the index in October is called political instability in the country, which caused turmoil in the financial markets.

Anyway, the current situation points to the recession that has formed in the country. A reduction in economic growth may occur as early as the third quarter, and in the fourth negative trends will only intensify.

The prospects of the pound, among other things, depend on the positioning of the US dollar and its further strength.

Will the decline in the dollar index last until the end of the week? Much will depend on how traders react to the upcoming economic reports in connection with the forecast of the Federal Reserve's policy. The focus is on the GDP report for the third quarter and the employment cost index for the same period. Data on wages and inflation will strengthen the hawkish attitude of the Fed.

One of the most significant risks for the pound this week will be the US GDP report. It can show that America is emerging from a technical recession, while the UK is entering an active phase of recession. Divergence in economic prospects will undermine the pound's recovery.

A serious obstacle is the core PCE price index's release this Friday, the Fed's preferred inflation indicator. The inflation rate is expected to increase from 4.9% year-on-year to 5.2%.

If so, it will be more than enough to guarantee the Fed's hawkish attitude, which has helped the dollar reach new heights against many currencies in the weeks since the bank set course to raise the benchmark interest rate to 4.5% by the end of the year and 4.75% at the beginning of the next.

In general, the dollar index is forecast to rise to 114.00 this week.

 

Tips for beginner traders in EUR/USD and GBP/USD on October 26, 2022

Details of the economic calendar of October 25
The macroeconomic calendar was empty, thus statistical data in Europe, the United Kingdom, and the United States were not published.

For this reason, investors and traders paid special attention to the information flow, where Rishi Sunak officially took office as Prime Minister of Great Britain.

The main theses of the speech of the new Prime Minister:

- The effects of the pandemic on the economy remain.

- We will put economic stability at the center of the agenda.

- There will be difficult decisions;

- We will build an economy that will take full advantage of Brexit.

- I'm not scared, I understand that I must restore trust.

The British financial sector welcomed the new prime minister; the pound sterling was actively strengthening in value, pulling up the euro.

Analysis of trading charts from October 25
The EURUSD currency pair completed fluctuations within the intermediate level of 0.9850. As a result, an inertial upward move appeared on the market, which brought the euro rate close to the parity level.

During the past day, the euro exchange rate strengthened at the peak by about 1%, which is about 100 points.

The GBPUSD currency pair, during an intensive upward movement, has overcome the lower border of the resistance area of 1.1410/1.1525. This move indicates a high hype for long positions in the pound sterling by market participants.

During the past day, the pound sterling appreciated at the peak by about 2%, which is about 200 points.

Economic calendar for October 26
Today, the macroeconomic calendar is half empty, only the data on new home sales in the US is expected. September sales may fall sharply, which is a negative factor for the country's economy, which may put pressure on dollar positions.

Time targeting:

US new home sales – 14:00 UTC

Trading plan for EUR/USD on October 26
After an upward rally, the quote temporarily formed a stagnation that lasted throughout the Pacific and Asian sessions. This consolidation led to the accumulation of trading forces, which resulted in a new speculative surge in activity.

As for the direction of movement, everything here will depend on how market participants behave within the parity level. In this situation, it would be reasonable to see a rebound due to the technical signal of the euro being overbought in the short term.

If the parity level is broken, and the quote is firmly held above it in the daily period, then there is a high probability of a subsequent upward move. In this case, we can see a gradual recovery of the euro.

Trading plan for GBP/USD on October 26
At the opening of the European session, buyers of the pound sterling again broke into the market, which led to a new upward impulse. As a result, the quote rose above the resistance area, which may indicate the possibility of prolongation of the current ascending cycle from the low of the downward trend.

It should be noted that the technical signal of the prolongation will be confirmed only after the stable holding of the price above the level of 1.1525 in the daily period.

 

USD/JPY: USD to come out on top again

The currency market seems to have turned upside down. The US dollar, which has remained a king on Forex this year, suddenly began to lose ground. The yen, which is considered the main outsider this year, took advantage of the greenback's weakness which. It rose significantly.

Why USD loses ground

On Thursday night, the US dollar saw a large-scale sell-off. The US dollar index dived by 1.1%, reaching the monthly low of 109.56.

The greenback dropped across the board due to increased expectations of less aggressive tightening by the Fed and more hawkish stances of the ECB and the Bank of England.

In light of the recent weak US economic reports, traders have revised their outlooks for the Fed's monetary policy.

Investors expect the regulator to raise the interest rate by 75 basis points at the next meeting. However, they believe that the regulator will hardly undertake the same rate increase in December.

Aggressive tightening launched by the Fed to tame soaring inflation has adversely affected the economy. The world's largest economy is starting to show signs of slowing down.

It may force the Fed to shift to less aggressive rate hikes. If this scenario comes true, it will be rather bearish for the US dollar.

This year, the main driver for a rally was the monetary tightening. As the Fed has hiked rates more aggressively than other central banks, the greenback has skyrocketed to multi-year highs against its rivals.

It has grown the most versus the yen amid the divergence in monetary policies of the Fed and the BoJ. Since the beginning of the year, the yen has fallen by more than 20%, logging the worst performance among all the currencies.

The yen has become an outsider due to the Bank of Japan's commitment to a dovish stance. The regulator maintains its ultra-loose stance, while other major central banks are hiking rates.

After expectations of a slowdown in monetary tightening by the Fed have increased, the yen managed to climb.

The yen has been growing for two consecutive sessions. This morning, the Japanese currency extended gains.

At the time of writing the article, the USD/JPY pair fell by 0.5%, trading around 145.6. This is almost 5% below the high of 152 reached last week.

USD likely to rebound

Now, the dollar/yen pair is rapidly recovering after recent sell-offs. It has already approached a 32-year low.

However, many analysts believe that the current rally of the JPY will be short-lived as the US dollar could assert strength amid strong US economic data.

The US GDP report for the third quarter is due today. The indicator is projected to advance by 2.4% following a decrease of 0.6% in the previous quarter.

If this scenario comes true, market participants will have to revise their forecasts for the Fed's further plans for monetary policy, abandoning hopes for a softer stance.

The US dollar is sure to regain ground, while the yen will resume a downward movement.

On top of that, the JPY may decline even more after the results of the BoJ meeting. This event has been the main driver for the yen this week

Given a domestic demand shock in Japan, many analysts believe that the Bank of Japan will maintain its ultra-loose monetary policy to spur economic growth.

"The Bank of Japan will likely keep its main policy levers unchanged, yet again. Core inflation well above the 2% target and set to hit 3% isn't enough to prompt the BOJ to reduce monetary easing. Stronger wage growth is desired first," Bloomberg emphasizes.

The BoJ may keep the interest rate in negative territory, while the ECB may raise the key rate by 75 basis points today. The Fed will do the same next week. This is why the yen may again lose luster with investors.

In the short term, it may resume a sharp decline. If the yen collapses to critical levels again, the Bank of Japan will have to intervene once again.

Over the past month, the Japanese government has intervened in the forex exchange market three times. One intervention was officially announced. Analysts are sure that there have been two more. However, the Ministry of Finance did not announce them.

All interventions had a short-lived effect. The greenback recovered quickly thanks to strong fundamental factors, which boosted bullish bias.

Bulls are confident that the pair will climb again despite any intervention. The main thing is that the Fed adheres to its hawkish stance. If so, the US dollar will definitely resume an upward movement.

 

Trading plan for EURUSD on October 31, 2022

Technical outlook:
EURUSD dropped through the 0.9914 lows intraday on Monday before finding support and reversing sharply to 0.9945. The single currency pair is seen to be trading close to 0.9935 at this point in writing as the bulls prepare to resume higher towards the 1.0170-1.0200 area. The currency pair is testing the backside of the past resistance trend line around 0.9910-20, which now serves as support.

EURUSD might have one more rally left to terminate its counter-trend rally, which began from 0.9535 earlier. The proposed target prices are towards 1.0200 and 1.0350, which are also lined up with resistance levels as marked on the daily chart. Immediate support is at 0.9700 on the daily chart and we can expect higher prices from here until it remains intact.

EURUSD is currently working on its recent upswing between 0.9700 and 1.0093. Prices are finding support just above the 0.9900 mark and could resume higher from here. Strong intraday support is seen at about 0.9850 as it is also the Fibonacci 0.618 retracement of the above upswing. We are looking higher from here in the near term.

Trading idea:
Potential rally through 1.0200 and higher against 0.9500

Good luck!

 

Euro sadness is growing: macro data makes you sad. And the dollar is no stranger to: either retreat, or win

The US currency has once again bypassed the European one, which is seriously puzzled by a new batch of news about inflation. At the same time, the dollar draws confidence in the Federal Reserve's actions, which allows the completion of the current cycle of rate hikes.

The greenback significantly strengthened at the beginning of this week, restoring some of the positions lost over the past month. This was largely facilitated by the expectation of another interest rate hike from the Fed, whose two-day meeting is scheduled for November 1-2. According to preliminary calculations, on Wednesday, November 2, the central bank will raise the key rate by 75 bps, to 3.75-4.00%. This will be the fourth step on the Fed's part in raising rates.

However, many analysts and market participants doubt the continuation of the Fed's harsh rhetoric. According to experts, after the fourth rate hike by 75 bps, the central bank will take a less aggressive position on this issue. Michael Wilson, currency strategist at Morgan Stanley, is sure of this. He believes that the Fed's rate hike cycle is nearing completion. In support of his words, Wilson cites the inversion of the yield curve of ten-year and three-month US Treasury bonds. Recall that this is one of the key indicators indicating the need for a reversal of the central bank's tight monetary policy to a softer one.

However, some experts do not share the optimism of the Morgan Stanley representative. Currency strategists at UBS Global Wealth Management are confident that a reversal in the Fed's policy is unlikely, since the inflation rate in the US remains high. Against this background, the central bank will have to raise the rate until inflation recedes, the bank emphasizes.

The current situation puts pressure on the dollar, which, despite the current tension, is gradually strengthening. Against this background, the EUR/USD pair has been declining for the third consecutive day, continuing to struggle with the pull of the downward trend. On the morning of Tuesday, November 1, the EUR/USD pair was cruising near 0.9911. This is a difficult situation for the euro since it has to resist negative macro data.

Recall that reports on inflation in the eurozone were published on the evening of Monday, October 31, which again demonstrated its sharp rise. As a result, the inflation rate in the region soared to a new historical high, and the euro bloc economy lost its growth momentum. According to analysts, consumer prices in the EU rose by 10.7% in October 2022 compared to October 2021, exceeding forecasts. In the third quarter of this year, the volume of production in the eurozone decreased to 0.2% compared to the same period last year.

According to experts, the current situation is aggravated by a sharp increase in the European Central Bank's interest rates. At the same time, many analysts believe that the central bank should continue to actively fight inflation, which includes raising rates. It is possible that after the recent rate hike, the ECB will raise it again by 75 bps at the next meeting, which is scheduled for December 15. However, such a scenario is still in question, as well as a possible pause in the process of raising rates by the Fed.

Some analysts do not expect dovish decisions from the US central bank, although the current situation requires revision. According to experts, the aggressive tightening of the monetary policy contributes to the early onset of a recession in the United States, as well as a large-scale drop in treasury state bonds and stocks over the past few years. Take note that as rates rose and the economic downturn that followed the tightening of the monetary policy, the markets were gripped by a crisis. It was followed by an increase in the number of defaults, which seriously hit investors. In the current situation, the leading central banks will have to solve the issues that provoked such problems.

The current situation significantly affected the dynamics of the EUR/USD pair, provoking a correction at the end of September. However, the pair is gradually returning to a relatively stable course. According to experts, a new round of risk appetite in the markets will save the EUR/USD pair from further decline. At the same time, experts expect a New Year rally on the US stock market and the growth of risky assets in the near future.

 

GBP/USD: dollar and pound in the ring. Waiting for the last knockout?

The British currency has cheerfully started November, but experts fear that its ardor will fade in the near future. The prerequisites for this are economic instability in the UK and the long-term strengthening of the US currency, which is not going to give up its position.

Sterling ended October on a negative note, losing 1% shortly before the decisive meeting of the Federal Reserve, which will end on Wednesday, November 2. According to its results, an additional increase in the interest rate by 75 bps is expected. The implementation of such a scenario will be the first step for the Fed to slow down the pace of rate hikes starting in December 2022, economists believe.

The past month was a time of recovery for the pound, experts believe. Against this background, the GBP/USD pair gained 3%, simultaneously reaching an impressive 1.1646. In many ways, this improvement is due to the curtailment of the economic policy of Liz Truss, the former prime minister of Great Britain, and her resignation. However, it was not only the rejection of the "mini-budget" that helped GBP get out of the price hole. The expectation of positive changes in the Fed's policy played a significant role. In addition, at the end of October, the US currency weakened.

At the beginning of the last month of autumn, the pound behaved cautiously, occasionally trying to rise. On Wednesday morning, November 2, the GBP/USD pair was trading at 1.1513, significantly retreating from the previous high positions. This was facilitated by the strengthening of the greenback, which continues its victorious march in the global market.

According to currency strategists at Bank of America (BofA), in the short and medium term, the dollar will still be the leader. Analysts are confident in the dollar's dominance. However, the implementation of such a scenario can dramatically limit the recent recovery of the pound. A similar development is likely with the next increase in the Fed's interest rate, according to BofA.

By the end of 2022, the market expects an additional rise in the Fed rate (the total volume of these increases is 135 bps). At the same time, by the first quarter of 2023, the peak of the federal funds rate will be 5%, BofA is confident. The bank believes that the Fed's decision in November will provide significant support to the greenback. According to John Skeen, currency strategist at Bank of America, at the moment the US currency is at 40-year highs. At the same time, "the strength of the dollar will remain at such levels at the beginning of 2023," the expert emphasizes.

The current sterling losses are due to the release of positive macroeconomic data from the United States, which provided significant support to the greenback, but pushed the pound and the euro into the abyss. According to reports, business activity in the US manufacturing sector (PMI) soared to 50.4 points in October (against the expected 49.9 points), and the ISM business activity index in the manufacturing sector rose to 50.2 points, exceeding the projected 50 points. Before the release of the reports, the GBP lost almost 100 points, falling sharply to 1.1550. In the future, sterling lost almost all the positions won earlier and fell into a downward spiral, reaching 1.1455. Later, the British currency managed to recover, but the consequences of such a "knockout" received from the dollar seriously affected the further dynamics of the GBP.

However, UOB currency strategists remain positive about the GBP/USD pair, believing that the pound will stand until the 1.1440 level is broken. If this stronghold falls, then sterling will be in a price hole for a long time. However, this is unlikely now, the UOB emphasizes. Earlier, analysts predicted the pound's growth to 1.1700, but the chances of this are melting every day.

According to experts, in the coming weeks, the euro and the pound will remain under pressure against the USD. Nevertheless, market participants do not lose hope for the pound's recovery in the long term. Many large hedge funds have raised their bets on the pound's growth, although asset managers have reduced their short positions against the GBP. However, the majority of market participants, taking into account the positive changes in the UK fiscal policy, support the position of hedge funds. At the same time, many analysts believe that optimism about the pound is justified.

 

USD slides down after Fed interest rate hike

The US currency reacted negatively to another Fed funds rate increase following the FOMC meeting. USD slumped significantly, losing many of its earlier gains. However, market players and analysts believe that the US dollar is strong enough to recoup its losses.

USD decreased late on Wednesday after the Federal Reserve increased the interest rate by 75 basis points. Fed policymakers stated that future rate hikes, which are aimed at decreasing galloping inflation, could be smaller than the previous ones.

Analysts noted that the market regarded this statement as quite dovish. Investors assumed that the regulator will slow down the pace of rate hikes in the current situation. Many analysts believe that the Fed would increase the rate by only 50 bps in December.

While some market players expected the Fed to slow down monetary tightening significantly, these expectations were dispelled by Fed chairman Jerome Powell. At the press conference following the meeting he said that the Federal Reserve does not plan to slow down the pace of rate hikes. "It is very premature to be thinking about pausing," Powell added. The Fed chairman said the regulator will present a new summary of interest rate trajectory projections.

Furthermore, Powell pointed out the steady rise of the US dollar and called it "a challenge" for many countries. Expectations of an excessively high rate hike strongly pressured USD. Early on Thursday, November 3, EUR/USD traded near 0.9825. Earlier, the pair rose to 0.9832, but retreated slightly afterwards.

Market players hoped the Fed would slow down interest rate hikes this year and ultimately end the tightening cycle in the first quarter of 2023. However, the Fed's actions did not match their expectations. A 50 bps rate increase in December is the only likely policy adjustment the regulator can do.

Rising employment in the US became a key indicator signalling that the Fed would not soften their stance. According to the latest data by ADP, the US economy added 239,000 new jobs in October, well above 192,000 new jobs reported in September. The Federal Reserve uses such data to determine the level of inflation and interest rate adjustments. Strong US labor market data gives the Fed more room for maneuver, allowing the regulator to tighten its monetary policy more aggressively to fight soaring inflation.

Amid such developments, experts note that the US dollar rally can potentially continue in 2023, fuelled by concerns over a global recession and the hawkish Fed. FX strategists at Capital Economics believe that the Fed's tightening cycle is close to an end. The research firm's chief economist Jonas Goltermann predicts that the US dollar will continue to climb in the first half of 2023.

Goltermann believes that if interest rates reach their peak, it will not be an obstacle for a USD rally in the future. The economist said falling risk appetite in the global markets and rising demand for safe haven assets have given support to the US dollar. According to Goltermann, the US currency went up during earlier tightening cycles.

Earlier outlooks by some analysts saw the Fed increase interest rates up to 5% in 2023. Bloomberg predicts that the effective Fed funds rate could hit a peak of 5.1% by May 2023. Market players expect the key interest rate to decrease afterwards in the first or second quarters of the year.

 

EUR/USD: USD likely to rise higher; EUR weak due to risk-off sentiment

The US dollar has kicked off the new week with a rapid increase. The euro, on the contrary, was unable to rebound. The greenback is gaining momentum despite a short-term drop last week.

On Monday morning, it advanced significantly against the euro. Its growth was facilitated by positive US macro stats published at the end of last week and the latest economic reports from China. By the end of October, the Chinese authorities announced an unexpected contraction in imports and exports. After the release of disappointing data from China, fears about a looming recession increased in markets, fueling demand for safe-haven assets, including the US dollar.

As the risk-on sentiment decreased, the US dollar won luster win investors again. The US dollar, the most popular safe-haven asset, rose the most. Its further growth may be stimulated by the US inflation report for October, which is due on Thursday, October 10. According to preliminary estimates, inflation is expected to slow down to 8%, logging the fourth decline in the indicator.

Analysts are confident that the Fed mainly takes into account inflation figures when making monetary policy decisions. Since early 2022, the Fed has raised the key rate six times to curb galloping inflation. It has started to slow down thanks to monetary tightening. However, after moving away from an all-time high of 9.1%, inflation still remains above the 2% target level.

Inflation will hardly drop considerably because of high wages in the United States. According to the Nonfarm Payrolls report for October, the economy added 261,000 new jobs, exceeding the previous forecast readings. At the same time, last month the unemployment rate rose to 3.7% from 3.5%. Economists at Capital Economics said that given the wage growth, it would be hard to push inflation to the 2% target. For this reason, the Fed is likely to stick to aggressive tightening.

The greenback was somewhat stuck in the narrow range due to market uncertainty. Judging by the data on the US dollar index (USDX), last week large traders significantly reduced their long positions on USD. If this trend persists, the US currency may lose momentum. However, many analysts are betting on a further rally of the greenback. On November 7, the EUR/USD pair was trading at 0.9962, showing steady growth. However, UBS analysts stress that in March 2023, the pair may fall to 0.9600. It is quite curious given that now there are plenty of fundamental factors for a rise to 1.0000 and above.

Alan Greenspan, the former Fed Chairman, expects a buoyant rally of the US dollar in 2023. Such a scenario is possible even if the regulator makes smaller rate hikes. If inflation peaks in early 2023, the US currency will continue to grow, Greenspan stressed.

This year, the US dollar has been rising mainly amid more aggressive tightening compared to other central banks. Many USD rivals, in particular the euro and the pound sterling, have reached multi-year lows due to the divergence in monetary policy. In addition, the Fed is actively shrinking its balance sheet, boosting the US dollar in the long term.

Analysts at UBS assume that next year the greenback is likely to retain its upside potential. At the moment, it is too early to talk about the end of the rally as inflation remains high. UBS believes that the central bank will continue to aggressively raise rates until a steady decrease in inflation. In the fourth quarter of 2022, the greenback is projected to grow and in the first quarter of 2023, it may reach new highs. This might be the first step towards the possible slowdown of the Fed's tightening hike cycle, analysts believe.

 

Tips for beginner traders in EUR/USD and GBP/USD on November 9, 2022

Details of the economic calendar from November 8
The midterm elections to the US Congress are in the center of everyone's attention. During which the House of Representatives and a third of the Senate will be re-elected. The first polling stations closed in a number of districts of Indiana and Kentucky at 23:00 UTC, and the last at 05:00 UTC - stations in Alaska and Hawaii stopped accepting ballots.

Ballot counting is still ongoing. As a result, 435 members of the House of Representatives and a third of its Senate will be elected. In addition, the governors of 36 states and three US overseas territories are elected.

As I wrote in the previous article, the victory of the Republicans will lead to heavy clashes in promoting legislative initiatives of the White House. As a result, characteristic uncertainty and even investors' fears may arise, which will lead to the sale of the US dollar.

Analysis of trading charts from November 8
The EUR/USD currency pair continues to show an upward trend in the market. A short stagnation within the parity level was replaced by a subsequent inertial move, which let the quote approach the local high of October.

The GBP/USD currency pair managed to maintain the upward cycle previously set in the market during the impulse jump. As a result, the quote remained above the 1.1525 mark. The scale of the strengthening of the pound sterling from November 4 to November 8 is about 400 points.

Economic calendar for November 9
Today, the macroeconomic calendar is empty, and it would not be of interest to traders because all their attention is focused on counting ballots.

Thus, investors and traders will monitor the information and news flow coming to the media and act on the market in relation to it.

Trading plan for EUR/USD on November 9
In this situation, the value of 1.0100 is considered a variable resistance level. In order for there to be a subsequent increase in the volume of long positions, the quote needs to stay above this value for at least a four-hour period. In this case, both the current upward cycle and the corrective move from the bottom of the downward trend will be prolonged.

At the same time, traders are considering the scenario of a price rebound from 1.0100. In this case, the inertial move may be interrupted, and the quote will return to the parity level limit.

Trading plan for GBP/USD on November 9
A stable holding of the price above 1.1525 may lead to a prolongation of the upward cycle. Under this scenario, it is possible to update the local high of October, which, in turn, will open the way in the direction of the resistance level 1.1750.

As for the downward scenario, it will again be considered by traders in case the price returns to the boundaries of the area of interaction of trading forces 1.1410/1.1525.

What is shown in the trading charts?
A candlestick chart view is graphical rectangles of white and black light, with sticks on top and bottom. When analyzing each candle in detail, you will see its characteristics of a relative period: the opening price, closing price, and maximum and minimum prices.

Horizontal levels are price coordinates, relative to which a stop or a price reversal may occur. These levels are called support and resistance in the market.

Circles and rectangles are highlighted examples where the price of the story unfolded. This color selection indicates horizontal lines that may put pressure on the quote in the future.

The up/down arrows are the reference points of the possible price direction in the future.

 

Hot forecast for EUR/USD on 10/11/2022

The first thing you should pay attention to is that since the beginning of the week, the dollar has fallen sharply in price, and the rebound was asking for it. Moreover, it was only the political factor that put pressure on it, in the form of uncertainty about the results of the midterm elections. So as soon as it became clear that the Democrats were apparently gaining control of the Senate, the US currency immediately began to actively rise in price. Although the counting of votes is still ongoing, and less than half of the ballots have been counted at some polling stations. Nevertheless, so far everything is going to the fact that the Democrats take the Senate, while the Republicans take the House of Representatives. The main driver of the dollar's weakening was the assumption that the Republican Party would win a crushing victory and gain control of both chambers of Congress.

There is a high probability that the dollar will be able to further strengthen its position today. The reason for this may be the US inflation report. And although the growth rate of consumer prices is likely to slow down from 8.2% to 8.1%, this still means that the Federal Reserve will continue to raise interest rates. Firstly, inflation remains at an extremely high level. Secondly, on a monthly basis, consumer prices should increase by 0.5%, whereas a month earlier they increased by 0.4%. In other words, prices continue not only to grow, but there are signs of even a possible acceleration of this process. Consequently, the US central bank will continue to pursue an extremely tight monetary policy.

Inflation (United States):

The EURUSD currency pair bounced precisely from the area of the local high in October. As a result, there was a pullback in the direction of the parity level.

During the price rebound, the RSI H4 indicator came out of the overbought zone. This is a fairly good technical signal about the regrouping of trading forces. It is worth noting that the indicator has not gone below the average line of 50, which indicates the bullish mood in the market.

The moving MA lines on Alligator H4 and D1 are directed upwards, which corresponds to an ascending cycle.

Expectations and prospects

In this situation, the parity level serves as a support in the market. Thus, it is possible to strengthen long positions. We expect the euro to rise only if the price stays above October's local high in a four-hour period.

As for the downward scenario, in order to consider it, the quote must first stay below the 0.9950 mark. This price move may restart short positions.

Comprehensive indicator analysis in the short-term and intraday periods has a sell signal due to the recent price rebound. In the medium term, the signal from the indicator is focused on an upward corrective move from the low of the trend.

 

Hot forecast for GBP/USD on 11/11/2022

Inflation, or rather the reassessment of the Federal Reserve's succeeding actions, turned out to be much more important for the market than the results of the midterm elections in the United States. Moreover, the counting of votes is still ongoing. So as soon as it became known that the growth rate of consumer prices in the United States slowed from 8.2% to 7.7%, a real rally began in almost all markets. The only exception was probably the oil market. But the pound jumped by more than three hundred points. After all, if inflation slows down much faster than forecasts, and the most desperate optimists expected it to fall to 8.0%, then the Fed has no reason to further tighten monetary policy. In other words, the US central bank may well start lowering interest rates next year. It was this change in expectations that caused the dollar to fall sharply.

Inflation (United States):

But the movement turned out to be so impressive that a rebound, or even a local correction, would only take a matter of time. And it is quite possible that today's preliminary data on UK GDP will just be an excellent reason for this. Indeed, according to forecasts, the economic growth rate of the United Kingdom should slow down from 4.4% to 2.3%.

GDP growth Rate (UK):

The pound has strengthened in value by more than 350 points against the US dollar. This strong inertial move led to a control tracking of the price with subsequent resistance levels of 1.1750.

The RSI H1 technical instrument entered the overbought zone during such an intense price move, which corresponds to a convergence with the resistance level. RSI D1 is moving confidently in the upper area of the 50/70 indicator, which indicates ongoing upward interest in the market.

The MA moving lines on Alligator H4 and D1 are directed upwards, this signal corresponds to the general mood of market participants.

Expectations and prospects

In this situation, the technical signal about the overbought pound still takes place on the market. For this reason, traders are considering the scenario of a price pullback from the resistance level of 1.1750.

As for the subsequent upward cycle, market participants will consider it in case the price stays stable above the 1.1750 level. With this development, the overbought signal will be ignored by traders.

Complex indicator analysis in the short, intraday and medium-term periods has a buy signal due to the upward cycle.

 

Tips for beginner traders in EUR/USD and GBP/USD on November 14, 2022

Details of the economic calendar of November 11
The macroeconomic calendar focused only on statistics from the UK, which came out better than expected. The final estimate of GDP for the 3rd quarter reflected a slowdown in the economy from 4.40% to 2.40%, with forecast of 2.10%. Meanwhile, the rate of decline in industrial production is slowing down from -4.3% to -3.1%, although forecast assumed that the indicators would remain at the same level.

As a result, the pound sterling, overbought in recent days, continues to hold its positions in the market.

As for the US ballot count, the preliminary totals are:

House of Representatives: Democrats 204 - Republicans 212. Control requires 218 seats out of 435.

Senate: Democrats 50 - Republicans 49. Control requires 51 seats out of 100.

The data is not final, the ballots are still being counted.

Analysis of trading charts from November 11
The EUR/USD currency pair appreciated more than 450 points during the past week. This strong inertial move led to the update of the corrective cycle from the low of the downward trend. As a result, the euro reached the subsequent resistance level of 1.0350.

The GBP/USD currency pair gained more than 550 points during the past week. This unprecedented inertial move overcame the local autumn highs. As a result, the corrective movement from the low of the downward trend was prolonged, where the overall scale of the strengthening of the pound sterling is about 14.5%, which is about 1500 points.

Economic calendar for November 14
The new trading week starts with data on the industrial production of the European Union, whose growth rate may accelerate from 2.5% to 3.3%. This is a positive factor for the EU economy, which can stimulate the euro.

Trading plan for EUR/USD on November 14
In view of the clear signal that the euro is oversold, a price rebound from the 1.0350 resistance level is allowed. In this case, sellers will receive local support in the market, and buyers will be able to regroup their positions.

Traders will consider the subsequent upward movement if the price holds above the level of 1.0350, at least in a four-hour period. In this case, we will receive a technical signal about the prolongation of the ascending cycle.

Trading plan for GBP/USD on November 14
The new trading week was opened with a downward GAP, where the overbought pound sterling entered the stage of a technical pullback. The previously passed 1.1750 resistance level now serves as support, where the quote returned during the pullback.

Presumably, the upward inertial mood still takes place in the market. For this reason, a price return above 1.1855 could restart long positions. As for the current pullback, for its prolongation and transition to the correction mode, it is necessary to be consistently below the level of 1.1750.

What is shown in the trading charts?
A candlestick chart view is graphical rectangles of white and black light, with sticks on top and bottom. When analyzing each candle in detail, you will see its characteristics of a relative period: the opening price, closing price, and maximum and minimum prices.

Horizontal levels are price coordinates, relative to which a stop or a price reversal may occur. These levels are called support and resistance in the market.

Circles and rectangles are highlighted examples where the price of the story unfolded. This color selection indicates horizontal lines that may put pressure on the quote in the future.

The up/down arrows are the reference points of the possible price direction in the future.